Six ways to improve precision machining quality

1. Error grouping method:
This method reports roughness or the work dimensions processed in the previous process are measured and divided into n groups according to the error size. The size error range of each group of workpieces is reduced to the original 1/n; then the tools are adjusted according to the error range of each group. Relative to the position of the workpiece, make the center of the size dispersion range of the name group workpiece basically consistent. In order to greatly reduce the size dispersion range of the entire batch of workpieces. This method is often more economical and easier to implement than raising vigilance and causing bad accuracy. For example, when finishing the tooth shape, in order to ensure the coaxiality between the ring gear and the inner hole of the gear after processing, the matching gap between the gear and the spindle should be reduced. In production, the gears are often grouped according to their internal dimensions, and then matched with the corresponding grouping spindles. This evenly distributes the original errors caused by the clearance and improves the position accuracy of the gear ring.
2. Error compensation method:
This method is to artificially create a new original error to offset the original error inherent in the original process system, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing processing errors and improving processing accuracy.
3. Error transfer method:
This method essentially transfers the geometric errors, force deformation and thermal deformation of the process system to a direction that does not affect the machining accuracy. For example, for multi-station processes with indexing or indexing or processes using indexing tool holders, the indexing and indexing errors will directly affect the machining accuracy of the relevant surfaces of the parts.
4. Error averaging method:
This method uses closely related surfaces to modify each other, or use each other as a reference for processing. It can make those locally large errors affect the entire processing surface more uniformly, making the processing errors transmitted to the workpiece surface more uniformly, so the processing accuracy of the workpiece is greatly improved accordingly.
5. On-site processing method:
Some precision in processing and equipment assembly involves the relationship between parts, which is quite complicated. If you blindly improve the accuracy of the parts themselves, sometimes it is not only difficult or even impossible, but on-site processing can solve this problem. The key points of in-situ processing: to ensure the positional relationship between components, use a component to install a tool to process a component in such a positional relationship. For example, in the manufacture of hexagonal lathes, the axes of the six large holes on the turret for installing tool holders must ensure that the machine tool and the spindle rotation line coincide, and the end faces of each large hole must be perpendicular to the spindle rotation line.
6. Direct error reduction method:
This method is a basic method widely used in production. This method is to directly eliminate or reduce the main original error factors that affect the machining accuracy after identifying them. For example, turning of slender shafts causes bending deformation of the work due to the influence of force and heat. The "large straight knife reverse cutting method" is now adopted, which basically eliminates bending caused by cutting force. Supplemented by a spring tip, the hazards of thermal elongation can be further eliminated.